ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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Artificial Intelligence

             Artificial intelligence is a technology that impacts how users interact and tend to be affected by the wide use of the internet. Artificial intelligence can, therefore, be termed as a simulation of the intelligence of human beings by use of machines mostly in these cases, computers. These processes can widely be attributed to learning (acquisition of knowledge on how certain phenomena relate), reasoning (coming to conclusions from a set of rules), and self-correction. The applications applied in AI include machine vision, expert systems, and speech recognition (Ramos 2008, p.16).

            Artificial intelligence can be classified as either being strong or weak. Weak Artificial intelligence is an AI system that is trained and designed for a particular given task. Apple Siri, virtual personal assistants are classified as weak AI. Strong Artificial Intelligence (Artificial General Intelligence) is a system of AI with human cognitive skills that are general.

            This can be argued in the sense that a strong Artificial intelligence is in a position to find solutions when an unfamiliar task is presented to them without interventions from human beings. Staffing costs, soft wares, and hardware are off. Artificial intelligence can be costly, and a large number of vendors, including components of the AI access service as well as standard offerings in the sense of a service platform. AI, when viewed as a service, allows companies and individuals to do experiments with AI in various sample platforms and business platforms to assert their effectiveness before a commitment is made (Patil 2015 pp118-125). AI offerings in the cloud include Microsoft Cognitive, Amazon AI service, and IBM Watson Assistant.

             An Assistant professor of computer science and integrative biology, Arend Hinteze, classifies AI into four types, namely: Limited memory, Reactive memory, self-awareness and theory of mind. Examples of AI technology include National language processing, Machine vision, Robotics, Machine vision, and Self-driving cars.

Artificial Intelligence in India

            A need for Artificial intelligence was introduced in India after they were a need for decision-making involving files and data that were large. This has led to many companies in India embracing Artificial intelligence in solving problems that are complex to obtain results that are accurate.

             The scope of Artificial Intelligence is mainly exhibited in India due to the fact that the population of the majority is below 35 years of age. A lot of companies, including Google and Amazon, dominate in Google Home and Alexa, which tends to help consumers by making some tasks automatic by speaking (Baker 2013 p.190). The fact that India is way far behind the latest Technology compared to the world makes it hard to have many physical devices that can be made automatic. India is optimistic as a country that a huge population of people will embrace the use of Artificial Intelligence in different ways.

             The fact that India will exhibit a large number of people using AI can be made possible by the government providing education to areas that are rural, hence making everyone well acquainted with trending issues and knowledge on different aspects and phenomena. Literate people make it possible to use AI to tackle their own tasks. This AI task can be like the use of phones as this people's class won't be financially able to purchase Alexa, as speculated. Artificial Intelligence services in India can be exhibited in services that are backhanded. The population of people who use smartphones in India has increased rapidly to even more than twice due to the fact that the BJP government strongly promotes the use of digital machines (Helbing 2019, p.75). The use of free Wi-Fi in India has acted as a catalyst, bringing about positive reinforcement and pushing India to be a smarter and more digital nation. Research and interviews bring about a consensus from researchers, executives, and non-profits that agriculture and health care are sectors that can adversely be affected by Artificial Intelligence in the quest to improve Indians' living conditions.

             Artificial Intelligence, therefore, can be considered to have mutual importance and loss to the people at the same time. This can be argued in the sense that as much as Artificial intelligence benefits the common person, it brings about implications due to altering of patterns exhibited before the introduction of AI technology (Bernstein 2010 pp.313-322). This is diversely argued below with positive and negative results AI has brought to the common person. It is, therefore, considered to be a curse and, at the same time, a boon.

            This Indian government has pushed for digitization and the enactment of AI initiatives thus facilitating companies and private companies to win contracts that are big. This adversely acts as a source of funds in the quest of developing new technologies spinning out the data science-related and new AI start-ups. Opinions of the Indian CTO of AI start-up Gramener, Mayank Kapur, argue that the government of India remains the largest potential customer for data science services in the country. Head of Data Analytic Cell, Mr. Avik Sarkar, comprehensively covers that 'think-tank-that has been given the task to spearhead AI strategy in India is engaged in the following initiatives that are of public sectors:

• Precision Agriculture

The government of India has facilitated the initiative that proves concept pilot in the fifteen counties in India to use AI based on real-time advisory on weather data and satellite imagery to increase farm produce in areas of low productivity. Precision agriculture is the precise application in agriculture regarding the weather, soil and crop needs in the quest of improving profitability, productivity and productivity in agriculture (Lah 2015 p.56). It involves modern technology practices like GPS, remote sensing and Geography Information System. This brings about farmers using inputs of crops more efficiently, like irrigation water, pesticides, fertilizers, and tillage. This is utilized effectively to bring about yield crops that are in high quantity and quality. Improved agricultural systems bring about improvement in the living conditions of people due to economic growth.

• Healthcare

  Due to the fact that India has very few radiologists and pathologists it has necessitated applications of Artificial Intelligence that can be augmented by the use of image recognition. Niti Aayog, a company in India, is working on Diabetic Retinopathy and early predictions due to AI technology. These initiatives tend to bring about patients with long-term help on proactive medication in the early stages rather than treatment given in advanced stages. This brings about incurring lower cost s in treatment due to early diagnosis and also increasing high chances of recovery (Yudkowsky 2008 p.184). India is known to be the world's biggest nation in healthcare programs due to their doctors who are highly qualified and are also able to put into use Artificial Intelligence. This has led to many cases of severe medical implications like cancer, brain infections and other casualties referred to India for treatment.

            Artificial Intelligence in China has brought about the saving of lives of diagnoses that are deadly and that require highly trained personnel and Technology. Cardiac Risk health conditions, cancer-related issues and adverse diabetic-based health implications have been reduced at a high rate in India as early diagnosis and treatment due to exhibiting Artificial Intelligence.

• Fight against Cybercrimes

             Cybercrimes seem to be widely experienced in India due to the fact that India enjoys a high level of Technology. Artificial Intelligence, in this case, can counterattack this vice in that it can identify and detect good behavior from bad behaviors and, therefore, works handily with human engineers to prevent attacks and threats to individuals and even the nation at large. The open source software and mobile Technology tend only to facilitate traditional cyber security; hence Artificial Intelligence seems to be the only efficient way to curb it. AI is in a position to identify the cyber-attack before happening. This thus ensures that individuals are not at risk of being hacked by hackers in matters of their financial accounts, medical health, and other related aspects (Novas 2000 pp.485-513).

• Growth in the business sector

             Artificial Intelligence has also brought about a positive deviation in the business sector in that business decision-makers acknowledge powered solutions like decision support systems, virtue private assistants and automated data analysis. This tends to bring a very high impact on the rate of several businesses done as they are efficient and reliable. The use of machines and automatic data analysis has brought about less manpower in India as almost all sections of businesses have employed the use of Artificial Intelligence.

Negative Impacts of AI in India.

            Artificial Intelligence has also brought about negative impacts on the population of India as a whole AI has brought about rising unemployment cases to the people of India. This can be attributed to the fact that many related sectors of businesses and organizations have embraced AI at high levels. Despite the fact that people are educated and qualified to presume certain positions in offices and companies, Recruiters tend to be comfortable working with AI models (Crawford 2009 p,20). This might negatively impact the economy of India in the sense that company owners will be making profits on the use of AI, and the common population that forms major parts of India will be jobless (Labov 1963 p.280).

            Artificial intelligence has brought about an elevation of stress levels in companies, thus raising cases of lower productivity, de-motivated employees and increased sick leave. This can be attributed to the fact that machines do almost everything in an organization, hence leaving employees less innovative and idle hence boredom. This brings about the incompetence of employees and a lack of problem-solving skills in crucial aspects of the company and their lives at large.

            Artificial Intelligence has brought about bias in the sense that certain decision-making areas cannot be effective in exhibiting AI. This, therefore, impacts negatively on the common person. Examples are in the case whereby machines based on the human physiological and psychological process are used in courts to determine the truth or false. This might lead to one being sentenced wrongly on account of a crime they did not commit (Westervelt 2010 pp.259-275).

Artificial Intelligence to the world at large

            Artificial intelligence has already brought about a transformative impact all over the world. This has widely been in the sense that AI helps employees in transportation sectors, knowledge on how to treat cancer, detecting toxins in food grains and measures on how to grow more food using limited natural resources (Floros 2010 p.588).

Management

            Research shows that AI has brought about a positive growth impact that is 90%, innovation (84%), productivity (86%) and 69% creation of jobs in related countries (Hashi 2011 pp.456-487). Executives all over the world attribute AI to be a perfect strategy for solving organizational challenges, with the exception of a few. Artificial Intelligence is thus said to exhibit high management levels in the near future as patterns exhibited on AI to management ought to have diversified.

• AI industrial impact

            Artificial Intelligence has immensely brought about benefits in the industrial sector. Most people argue that it will take a considerably long time for AI to bring about an impact on an organization (Makridakis 2017, p.50). Tremendous opportunities that exhibit AI technology in the industrial sector have risen, hence making work easier in the production sector. AI augments human abilities across industries with the exceptions of a few instances not applicable. The industrial sector is speculated to be wholly run by Artificial Intelligence as the world is full of innovations, and this could cause the industrial sector all over the world to rise at a very high rate.

• Life Sciences and Health Care

            Artificial Intelligence has exhibited a higher percentage of knowledge creation and social engagement and a positive deviation in risk management. This has, therefore, developed the health care services significantly in that Artificial Intelligence makes it possible for diagnosis leading to killing diseases like cancer, diabetes and brain surgeries. This, therefore, has led to life-saving at a significant rate. This will bring about much better living conditions for people of given related nations (Satterthwaite 2010 p.2810).

• Education sector

            Artificial Intelligence has brought about an immense positive impact on the education sector as a whole, and this can be attributed to the fact that AI has made it easier to acquire knowledge and skills. Students worldwide widely use 'Google', a development of AI in learning how different patterns in the social perspective are made and knowledge on areas that pose a problem (Doering 2009 pp316-336). The education sector is speculated to grow steadily in the near future due to AI and the development of new related areas in the instruction field.

Conclusion

            Artificial Intelligence, thus can be said to be of importance to human beings and also considered as a curse in the perspective of negative impacts. It can further be argued that Artificial Intelligence tends to have more impact on India and the world compared to the side effects it produces. Artificial Intelligence is speculated to make life so much easier as innovative measures on it are adversely done every day as countries that are considered to be third world countries are slowly adapting to AI.

 References

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Bernstein, M.S., Little, G., Miller, R.C., Hartmann, B., Ackerman, M.S., Karger, D.R.,     Crowell, D. and Panovich, K., 2010, October. Soylent: a word processor with a crowd inside. In Proceedings of the 23rd annual ACM symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (pp. 313-322). ACM.

Crawford, M.B., 2009. Shop class as soulcraft: An inquiry into the value of work. Penguin.pp20

Doering, A., Scharber, C., Miller, C. and Veletsianos, G., 2009. GeoThentic: Designing and assessing with technological pedagogical content knowledge. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 9(3), pp.316-336.

Floros, J.D., Newsome, R., Fisher, W., Barbosa‐Cánovas, G.V., Chen, H., Dunne, C.P.,          German, J.B., Hall, R.L., Heldman, D.R., Karwe, M.V. and Knabel, S.J., 2010.             Feeding the world today and tomorrow: The importance of food science and Technology: An             IFT      scientific review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food             Science and Food Safety,       9(5),    pp.572-599.

Hashi, I. and Krasniqi, B.A., 2011. Entrepreneurship and SME growth: evidence from advanced and laggard transition economies. International Journal of Entrepreneurial           Behavior & Research, 17(5), pp.456-487.

Helbing, D., Frey, B.S., Gigerenzer, G., Hafen, E., Hagner, M., Hofstetter, Y., Van Den          Hoven, J., Zicari, R.V. and Zwitter, A., 2019. Will democracy survive big data and artificial intelligence? In Towards Digital Enlightenment (pp. 73-98). Springer,     Cham.

Lal, R., 2015. Sequestering carbon and increasing productivity by conservation agriculture. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 70(3), pp.55A-62A.

Makridakis, S., 2017. The forthcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution: Its impact on society and firms. Futures, 90, pp.46-60.

Novas, C. and Rose, N., 2000. Genetic risk and the birth of the somatic individual. Economy and society, 29(4), pp.485-513.

Patil, M. and Rao, M., 2015. Building efficiencies of e-commerce portal using intuitive GUI       design in India: A Survey. IJIRST-International Journal for Innovative Research in      Science & Technology, 2(07), pp.118-125.

Ramos, C., Augusto, J.C. and Shapiro, D., 2008. Ambient intelligence—the next step for artificial intelligence. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 23(2), pp.15-18.

Westervelt, S.D. and Cook, K.J., 2010. Framing innocents: The wrongly convicted as victims of state harm. Crime, law and social change, 53(3), pp.259-275.

Yudkowsky, E., 2008. Artificial intelligence as a positive and negative factor in global risk.             Global catastrophic risks, 1(303), p.184.